Table. Extreme Event Prediction Performance Evaluation

Metrics Description

DTW Dynamic Time Warping

HRQE High RQE

LRQE Low RQE

HWRQE High Weighted RQE

LWRQE Low Weighted RQE

HCSRQE High Cost-Sensitive RQE

LCSRQE Low Cost-Sensitive RQE

Bold Best performance

Underline Second best

All metrics ↓ Lower is better

Model	District	T							VIS							PM2.5							AQI
Model	District	DTW	HRQE	LRQE	HWRQE	LWRQE	HCSRQE	LCSRQE	DTW (×10⁷)	HRQE	LRQE (×10⁷)	HWRQE	LWRQE (×10⁷)	HCSRQE	LCSRQE	DTW	HRQE	LRQE	HWRQE	LWRQE	HCSRQE	LCSRQE	DTW	HRQE	LRQE	HWRQE	LWRQE	HCSRQE	LCSRQE
BiMamba	Lanzhou
BiMamba	Kunming
BiMamba	Harbin
BiMamba	Shanghai
Informer	Lanzhou
Informer	Kunming
Informer	Harbin
Informer	Shanghai
iTransformer	Lanzhou
iTransformer	Kunming
iTransformer	Harbin
iTransformer	Shanghai
ModernTCN	Lanzhou
ModernTCN	Kunming
ModernTCN	Harbin
ModernTCN	Shanghai
PatchTST	Lanzhou
PatchTST	Kunming
PatchTST	Harbin
PatchTST	Shanghai
S4	Lanzhou
S4	Kunming
S4	Harbin
S4	Shanghai
S_Mamba	Lanzhou
S_Mamba	Kunming
S_Mamba	Harbin
S_Mamba	Shanghai
CARD	Lanzhou
CARD	Kunming
CARD	Harbin
CARD	Shanghai
TimesNet	Lanzhou
TimesNet	Kunming
TimesNet	Harbin
TimesNet	Shanghai
TimeXer	Lanzhou
TimeXer	Kunming
TimeXer	Harbin
TimeXer	Shanghai
STDN	Lanzhou
STDN	Kunming
STDN	Harbin
STDN	Shanghai
GraphWaveNet	Lanzhou
GraphWaveNet	Kunming
GraphWaveNet	Harbin
GraphWaveNet	Shanghai
DCRNN	Lanzhou
DCRNN	Kunming
DCRNN	Harbin
DCRNN	Shanghai
BigST	Lanzhou
BigST	Kunming
BigST	Harbin
BigST	Shanghai
DGCRN	Lanzhou
DGCRN	Kunming
DGCRN	Harbin
DGCRN	Shanghai
STPGNN	Lanzhou
STPGNN	Kunming
STPGNN	Harbin
STPGNN	Shanghai
STWave	Lanzhou
STWave	Kunming
STWave	Harbin
STWave	Shanghai
MegaCRN	Lanzhou
MegaCRN	Kunming
MegaCRN	Harbin
MegaCRN	Shanghai